- Jul 20, 2016
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When I finished this article, my first thought was the scene in the movie, Lucy, where SJ morphs from a blonde to a brunette as she walks through the airport.
Thomas Cronin, a Professor of Biological Sciences at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, is researching the effects of light receptors beyond the rod and cones in the eye.
But scientists have discovered in recent decades that many animals – including human beings – do have specialized light-detecting molecules in unexpected places, outside of the eyes. These “extraocular photoreceptors” are usually found in the central nervous system or in the skin, but also frequently in internal organs. What are light-sensing molecules doing in places beyond the eyes?
The opsin protein is able to detect light from light sensitive molecules. This protein is found in various parts of the body. The most obvious examples are with the octopus and cuttlefish that can change their color. This process is used by some species to detect the earth's magnetic field, as well.
Generally, they regulate light-mediated behavior that exists below the level of consciousness and that doesn’t require having an extremely precise knowledge of a light source’s location in space or time. Typical functions include the timing of daily cycles of alertness, sleep and wake, mood, body temperature and numerous other internal cycles that are synchronized to the changes of day and night.
Biological clocks that maintain regular physiological cycles – and cause the discomforts of jet lag – nearly always are controlled by these photoreceptors. These detectors are also important for the opening and closing of the eye’s pupil to help adjust to varying light levels. Skin photoreceptors like those in fish or octopus often control color and pattern variations.
Other studies suggest a correlation between mood and learning abilities and these receptors. This hits home with me because I know I react differently when exposed to fluorescent lights.
It seems to me that new findings about how our bodies work are coming out almost daily. Studies like this one really make you think about the incredible intricacies of our physical selves. Maybe freckles have a higher purpose!
https://theconversation.com/seeing-without-eyes-the-unexpected-world-of-nonvisual-photoreception-79166
Thomas Cronin, a Professor of Biological Sciences at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, is researching the effects of light receptors beyond the rod and cones in the eye.
But scientists have discovered in recent decades that many animals – including human beings – do have specialized light-detecting molecules in unexpected places, outside of the eyes. These “extraocular photoreceptors” are usually found in the central nervous system or in the skin, but also frequently in internal organs. What are light-sensing molecules doing in places beyond the eyes?
The opsin protein is able to detect light from light sensitive molecules. This protein is found in various parts of the body. The most obvious examples are with the octopus and cuttlefish that can change their color. This process is used by some species to detect the earth's magnetic field, as well.
Generally, they regulate light-mediated behavior that exists below the level of consciousness and that doesn’t require having an extremely precise knowledge of a light source’s location in space or time. Typical functions include the timing of daily cycles of alertness, sleep and wake, mood, body temperature and numerous other internal cycles that are synchronized to the changes of day and night.
Biological clocks that maintain regular physiological cycles – and cause the discomforts of jet lag – nearly always are controlled by these photoreceptors. These detectors are also important for the opening and closing of the eye’s pupil to help adjust to varying light levels. Skin photoreceptors like those in fish or octopus often control color and pattern variations.
Other studies suggest a correlation between mood and learning abilities and these receptors. This hits home with me because I know I react differently when exposed to fluorescent lights.
It seems to me that new findings about how our bodies work are coming out almost daily. Studies like this one really make you think about the incredible intricacies of our physical selves. Maybe freckles have a higher purpose!
https://theconversation.com/seeing-without-eyes-the-unexpected-world-of-nonvisual-photoreception-79166